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National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

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Your Environment. Your Health.

Publication Detail

Title: Lpa2 is a negative regulator of both dendritic cell activation and murine models of allergic lung inflammation.

Authors: Emo, Jason; Meednu, Nida; Chapman, Timothy J; Rezaee, Fariba; Balys, Marlene; Randall, Troy; Rangasamy, Tirumalai; Georas, Steve N

Published In J Immunol, (2012 Apr 15)

Abstract: Negative regulation of innate immune responses is essential to prevent excess inflammation and tissue injury and promote homeostasis. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a pleiotropic lipid that regulates cell growth, migration, and activation and is constitutively produced at low levels in tissues and in serum. Extracellular LPA binds to specific G protein-coupled receptors, whose function in regulating innate or adaptive immune responses remains poorly understood. Of the classical LPA receptors belonging to the Edg family, lpa2 (edg4) is expressed by dendritic cells (DC) and other innate immune cells. In this article, we show that DC from lpa2(-/-) mice are hyperactive compared with their wild-type counterparts and are less susceptible to inhibition by different LPA species. In transient-transfection assays, we found that lpa2 overexpression inhibits NF-κB-driven gene transcription. Using an adoptive-transfer approach, we found that allergen-pulsed lpa2(-/-) DC induced substantially more lung inflammation than did wild-type DC after inhaled allergen challenge. Finally, lpa2(-/-) mice develop greater allergen-driven lung inflammation than do their wild-type counterparts in models of allergic asthma involving both systemic and mucosal sensitization. Taken together, these findings identify LPA acting via lpa2 as a novel negative regulatory pathway that inhibits DC activation and allergic airway inflammation.

PubMed ID: 22427635 Exiting the NIEHS site

MeSH Terms: Administration, Inhalation; Adoptive Transfer; Allergens/immunology; Animals; Asthma/immunology*; Asthma/pathology; Dendritic Cells/immunology*; Dendritic Cells/metabolism; Dendritic Cells/pathology; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gene Deletion; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Inflammation/immunology; Inflammation/pathology; Lung/immunology*; Lung/metabolism; Lung/pathology; Lysophospholipids/immunology*; Lysophospholipids/metabolism; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; NF-kappa B/genetics; NF-kappa B/immunology*; Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid/deficiency; Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid/genetics; Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid/immunology*; Signal Transduction; Transcription, Genetic

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