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Title: Marine Macrocyclic Imines, Pinnatoxins A and G: Structural Determinants and Functional Properties to Distinguish Neuronal α7 from Muscle α1(2)βγδ nAChRs.

Authors: Bourne, Yves; Sulzenbacher, Gerlind; Radić, Zoran; Aráoz, Rómulo; Reynaud, Morgane; Benoit, Evelyne; Zakarian, Armen; Servent, Denis; Molgó, Jordi; Taylor, Palmer; Marchot, Pascale

Published In Structure, (2015 Jun 02)

Abstract: Pinnatoxins are macrocyclic imine phycotoxins associated with algal blooms and shellfish toxicity. Functional analysis of pinnatoxin A and pinnatoxin G by binding and voltage-clamp electrophysiology on membrane-embedded neuronal α7, α4β2, α3β2, and muscle-type α12βγδ nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) reveals high-affinity binding and potent antagonism for the α7 and α12βγδ subtypes. The toxins also bind to the nAChR surrogate, acetylcholine-binding protein (AChBP), with low Kd values reflecting slow dissociation. Crystal structures of pinnatoxin-AChBP complexes (1.9-2.2 Å resolution) show the multiple anchoring points of the hydrophobic portion, the cyclic imine, and the substituted bis-spiroketal and cyclohexene ring systems of the pinnatoxins that dictate tight binding between the opposing loops C and F at the receptor subunit interface, as observed for the 13-desmethyl-spirolide C and gymnodimine A congeners. Uniquely, however, the bulky bridged EF-ketal ring specific to the pinnatoxins extends radially from the interfacial-binding pocket to interact with the sequence-variable loop F and govern nAChR subtype selectivity and central neurotoxicity.

PubMed ID: 26004441 Exiting the NIEHS site

MeSH Terms: Alkaloids/chemistry*; Carrier Proteins/metabolism; Cell Membrane/metabolism; Imines/chemistry*; Kinetics; Macrocyclic Compounds/chemistry*; Marine Toxins/chemistry*; Models, Molecular*; Molecular Structure; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Receptors, Nicotinic/metabolism; Spiro Compounds/chemistry*; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor/metabolism

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