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Title: Prepregnancy habitual intake of vitamin D from diet and supplements in relation to risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study.

Authors: Bao, Wei; Song, Yiqing; Bertrand, Kimberly A; Tobias, Deirdre K; Olsen, Sjurdur F; Chavarro, Jorge E; Mills, James L; Hu, Frank B; Zhang, Cuilin

Published In J Diabetes, (2018 May)

Abstract: Vitamin D may play a pivotal role in regulating insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. However, the effect of vitamin D intake, either from the diet or from supplements, on the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains unclear. We prospectively examined the association of prepregnancy habitual intake of vitamin D from diet and supplements with the risk of incident GDM in a well-established cohort.The present study was performed on 21 356 singleton pregnancies from 15 225 women in the Nurses' Health Study II cohort. Diet information, including vitamin D intake from food sources and supplements, was assessed in 1991 and every 4 years thereafter by validated food frequency questionnaires. Log-binomial models with generalized estimating equations were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).During 10 years of follow-up, 865 incident GDM cases were documented. After adjustment for age, parity, race/ethnicity, family history of diabetes, dietary and lifestyle factors, and body mass index, the RRs (95% CIs) of GDM risk associated with supplemental vitamin D intake of 0, 1-399, and ≥400 IU/day were 1.00 (reference), 0.80 (0.67-0.96), and 0.71 (0.56-0.90), respectively (Ptrend  = 0.002). Dietary and total vitamin D intakes were also inversely associated with GDM risk, but the associations were not statistically significant.Prepregnancy supplemental vitamin D intake was significantly and inversely associated with risk of GDM. This study indicates potential benefits of increasing vitamin D intake from supplements in the prevention of GDM in women of reproductive age.

PubMed ID: 28976079 Exiting the NIEHS site

MeSH Terms: Adult; Age Factors; Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis; Diabetes, Gestational/epidemiology; Diabetes, Gestational/prevention & control*; Diet*; Dietary Supplements*; Female; Humans; Incidence; Life Style; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena*; Multivariate Analysis; Nurses; Nutritional Status*; Odds Ratio; Pregnancy; Prenatal Care*; Prospective Studies; Recommended Dietary Allowances; Risk Factors; Time Factors; United States/epidemiology; Vitamin D Deficiency/diagnosis; Vitamin D Deficiency/epidemiology; Vitamin D Deficiency/prevention & control*; Vitamin D/administration & dosage*; Young Adult

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