Skip Navigation
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

Use this QR code to view the newest version of this document
Use this QR code to view the newest version of this document

Your Environment. Your Health.

Publication Detail

Title: Cinnamic aldehyde inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia in Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats.

Authors: Buglak, Nicholas E; Jiang, Wulin; Bahnson, Edward S M

Published In Redox Biol, (2018 10)

Abstract: Atherosclerosis remains the number one cause of death and disability worldwide. Atherosclerosis is treated by revascularization procedures to restore blood flow to distal tissue, but these procedures often fail due to restenosis secondary to neointimal hyperplasia. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that accelerates both atherosclerosis development and onset of restenosis. Strategies to inhibit restenosis aim at reducing neointimal hyperplasia by inhibiting vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration. Since increased production of reactive oxygen species promotes VSMC proliferation and migration, redox intervention to maintain vascular wall redox homeostasis holds the potential to inhibit arterial restenosis. Cinnamic aldehyde (CA) is an electrophilic Nrf2 activator that has shown therapeutic promise in diabetic rodent models. Nrf2 is a transcription factor that regulates the antioxidant response. Therefore, we hypothesized that CA would activate Nrf2 and would inhibit neointimal hyperplasia after carotid artery balloon injury in the Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rat. In primary ZDF VSMC, CA inhibited cell growth by MTT with an EC50 of 118 ± 7 μM. At a therapeutic dose of 100 μM, CA inhibited proliferation of ZDF VSMC in vitro and reduced the proliferative index within the injured artery in vivo, as well as migration of ZDF VSMC in vitro. CA activated the Nrf2 pathway in both ZDF VSMC and injured carotid arteries while also increasing antioxidant defenses and reducing markers of redox dysfunction. Additionally, we noted a significant reduction of neutrophils (69%) and macrophages (78%) within the injured carotid arteries after CA treatment. Lastly, CA inhibited neointimal hyperplasia evidenced by a 53% reduction in the intima:media ratio and a 61% reduction in vessel occlusion compared to arteries treated with vehicle alone. Overall CA was capable of activating Nrf2, and inhibiting neointimal hyperplasia after balloon injury in a rat model of diabetic restenosis.

PubMed ID: 30172101 Exiting the NIEHS site

MeSH Terms: No MeSH terms associated with this publication

Back
to Top