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Title: Relationship of Weight Outcomes, Co-Occurring Conditions, and Severity of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Study to Explore Early Development.

Authors: Levy, Susan E; Pinto-Martin, Jennifer A; Bradley, Chyrise B; Chittams, Jesse; Johnson, Susan L; Pandey, Juhi; Pomykacz, Alison; Ramirez, AnnJosette; Reynolds, Ann; Rubenstein, Eric; Schieve, Laura A; Shapira, Stuart K; Thompson, Aleda; Young, Lisa; Kral, Tanja V E

Published In J Pediatr, (2019 02)

Abstract: To assess contributing factors to increased obesity risk, by comparing children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delays/disorders, and general population controls in weight status, and to examine associations between weight status and presence of co-occurring medical, behavioral, developmental, or psychiatric conditions across groups and ASD severity among children with ASD.The Study to Explore Early Development is a multisite cross-sectional study of children, 2-5 years of age, classified as children with ASD (n = 668), children with developmental delays/disorders (n = 914), or general population controls (n = 884). Using an observational cohort design, we compared the 3 groups. Children's heights and weights were measured during a clinical visit. Co-occurring conditions (medical, behavioral, developmental/psychiatric) were derived from medical records, interviews, and questionnaires. ASD severity was measured by the Ohio State University Global Severity Scale for Autism.The odds of overweight/obesity were 1.57 times (95% CI 1.24-2.00) higher in children with ASD than general population controls and 1.38 times (95% CI 1.10-1.72) higher in children with developmental delays/disorders than general population controls. The aORs were elevated for children with ASD after controlling for child co-occurring conditions (ASD vs general population controls: aOR = 1.51; 95% CI 1.14-2.00). Among children with ASD, those with severe ASD symptoms were 1.7 times (95% CI 1.1-2.8) more likely to be classified as overweight/obese compared with children with mild ASD symptoms.Prevention of excess weight gain in children with ASD, especially those with severe symptoms, and in children with developmental delays/disorders represents an important target for intervention.

PubMed ID: 30314662 Exiting the NIEHS site

MeSH Terms: Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis; Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology*; Body Weight*; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/diagnosis; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/epidemiology*; Child Development*; Child, Preschool; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Population Surveillance/methods*; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; United States/epidemiology

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