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Title: Real-Time Monitoring of Spray Drift from Three Different Orchard Sprayers.

Authors: Blanco, Magali N; Fenske, Richard A; Kasner, Edward J; Yost, Michael G; Seto, Edmund; Austin, Elena

Published In Chemosphere, (2019 May)

Abstract: In Washington State, half of all pesticide-related illnesses in agriculture result from drift, the off-target movement of pesticides. Of these, a significant proportion involve workers on another farm and orchard airblast applications. We compared the spray drift exposure reduction potential of two modern tower sprayers - directed air tower (DAT) and multi-headed fan tower (MFT), in relation to a traditional axial fan airblast (AFA) sprayer. We employed real-time particle monitors (Dylos DC1100) during a randomized control trial of orchard spray applications. Sections of a field were randomly sprayed by three alternating spray technologies - AFA, DAT and MFT - while monitors sampled particulate matter above and below the canopy at various downwind locations in a neighboring field. Geometric mean particle mass concentrations (PMC) outside the intended spray area were elevated during all applications at all of our sampling distances (16-74 m, 51-244 ft). After adjusting for wind speed and sampling height, the 75th percentile (95% confidence interval) PMC level was significantly greater during spray events than background levels by 105 (93, 120) μg/m3, 49 (45, 54) μg/m3 and 26 (22, 31) μg/m3 during AFA, DAT and MFT applications, respectively. Adjusted PMC levels were significantly different between all three sprayers. In this study, tower sprayers significantly reduced spray drift exposures in a neighboring orchard field when compared to the AFA sprayer, with the MFT sprayer producing the least drift; however these tower sprayers did do not fully eliminate drift.

PubMed ID: 30690400 Exiting the NIEHS site

MeSH Terms: Agriculture/methods*; Air Movements; Air Pollutants/analysis; Environmental Monitoring/methods*; Particulate Matter/analysis*; Pesticides/analysis*; Pesticides/toxicity; Technology/instrumentation; Washington; Wind

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