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Title: Association Between Nitrate-Reducing Oral Bacteria and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: Results From ORIGINS.

Authors: Goh, Charlene E; Trinh, Pauline; Colombo, Paolo C; Genkinger, Jeanine M; Mathema, Barun; Uhlemann, Anne-Catrin; LeDuc, Charles; Leibel, Rudolph; Rosenbaum, Michael; Paster, Bruce J; Desvarieux, Moise; Papapanou, Panos N; Jacobs Jr, David R; Demmer, Ryan T

Published In J Am Heart Assoc, (2019 12 03)

Abstract: Background The enterosalivary nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway is an alternative pathway of nitric oxide generation, potentially linking the oral microbiome to insulin resistance and blood pressure (BP). We hypothesized that increased abundance of nitrate-reducing oral bacteria would be associated with lower levels of cardiometabolic risk cross-sectionally. Methods and Results ORIGINS (Oral Infections, Glucose Intolerance, and Insulin Resistance Study) enrolled 300 diabetes mellitus-free adults aged 20 to 55 years (mean=34±10 years) (78% women). Microbial DNA was extracted from subgingival dental plaque (n=281) and V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced to measure the relative abundances of 20 a priori-selected taxa with nitrate-reducing capacity. Standardized scores of each taxon's relative abundance were summed, producing a nitrate-reducing taxa summary score (NO3TSS) for each participant. Natural log-transformed homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, plasma glucose, systolic BP, and diastolic BP were regressed on NO3TSS in multivariable linear regressions; prediabetes mellitus and hypertension prevalence were regressed on NO3TSS using modified Poisson regression models. Nitrate-reducing bacterial species represented 20±16% of all measured taxa. After multivariable adjustment, a 1-SD increase in NO3TSS, was associated with a -0.09 (95% CI, -0.15 to -0.03) and -1.03 mg/dL (95% CI, -1.903 to -0.16) lower natural log-transformed homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and plasma glucose, respectively. NO3TSS was associated with systolic BP only among patients without hypertension; 1-SD increase in NO3TSS was associated with -1.53 (95% CI, -2.82 to -0.24) mm Hg lower mean systolic BP. No associations were observed with prediabetes mellitus and hypertension. Conclusions A higher relative abundance of oral nitrate-reducing bacteria was associated with lower insulin resistance and plasma glucose in the full cohort and with mean systolic BP in participants with normotension.

PubMed ID: 31766976 Exiting the NIEHS site

MeSH Terms: Adult; Bacteria/metabolism*; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Glucose Intolerance/microbiology*; Humans; Hypertension/microbiology*; Insulin Resistance*; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases/microbiology*; Mouth/microbiology*; Nitrates/metabolism*; Prediabetic State/microbiology*; Risk Assessment; Young Adult

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