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Title: The Flaxseed-Derived Lignan Phenolic Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside (SDG) Protects Non-Malignant Lung Cells from Radiation Damage.

Authors: Velalopoulou, Anastasia; Tyagi, Sonia; Pietrofesa, Ralph A; Arguiri, Evguenia; Christofidou-Solomidou, Melpo

Published In Int J Mol Sci, (2015 Dec 22)

Abstract: Plant phenolic compounds are common dietary antioxidants that possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Flaxseed (FS) has been reported to be radioprotective in murine models of oxidative lung damage. Flaxseed's protective properties are attributed to its main biphenolic lignan, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). SDG is a free radical scavenger, shown in cell free systems to protect DNA from radiation-induced damage. The objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro radioprotective efficacy of SDG in murine lung cells. Protection against irradiation (IR)-induced DNA double and single strand breaks was assessed by γ-H2AX labeling and alkaline comet assay, respectively. The role of SDG in modulating the levels of cytoprotective enzymes was evaluated by qPCR and confirmed by Western blotting. Additionally, effects of SDG on clonogenic survival of irradiated cells were evaluated. SDG protected cells from IR-induced death and ameliorated DNA damage by reducing mean comet tail length and percentage of γ-H2AX positive cells. Importantly, SDG significantly increased gene and protein levels of antioxidant HO-1, GSTM1 and NQO1. Our results identify the potent radioprotective properties of the synthetic biphenolic SDG, preventing DNA damage and enhancing the antioxidant capacity of normal lung cells; thus, rendering SDG a potential radioprotector against radiation exposure.

PubMed ID: 26703588 Exiting the NIEHS site

MeSH Terms: Animals; Antioxidants/pharmacology*; Butylene Glycols/pharmacology*; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; DNA Damage*; Endothelial Cells/drug effects*; Endothelial Cells/metabolism; Endothelial Cells/radiation effects; Flax/chemistry*; Gamma Rays*; Glucosides/pharmacology*; Glutathione Transferase/genetics; Glutathione Transferase/metabolism; Heme Oxygenase-1/genetics; Heme Oxygenase-1/metabolism; Lung/cytology*; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)/genetics; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)/metabolism; Plant Extracts/pharmacology*

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