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Title: β-Hydroxybutyrate suppresses colorectal cancer.

Authors: Dmitrieva-Posocco, Oxana; Wong, Andrea C; Lundgren, Patrick; Golos, Aleksandra M; Descamps, Hélène C; Dohnalová, Lenka; Cramer, Zvi; Tian, Yuhua; Yueh, Brian; Eskiocak, Onur; Egervari, Gabor; Lan, Yemin; Liu, Jinping; Fan, Jiaxin; Kim, Jihee; Madhu, Bhoomi; Schneider, Kai Markus; Khoziainova, Svetlana; Andreeva, Natalia; Wang, Qiaohong; Li, Ning; Furth, Emma E; Bailis, Will; Kelsen, Judith R; Hamilton, Kathryn E; Kaestner, Klaus H; Berger, Shelley L; Epstein, Jonathan A; Jain, Rajan; Li, Mingyao; Beyaz, Semir; Lengner, Christopher J; Katona, Bryson W; Grivennikov, Sergei I; Thaiss, Christoph A; Levy, Maayan

Published In Nature, (2022 May)

Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most frequent forms of cancer, and new strategies for its prevention and therapy are urgently needed1. Here we identify a metabolite signalling pathway that provides actionable insights towards this goal. We perform a dietary screen in autochthonous animal models of CRC and find that ketogenic diets exhibit a strong tumour-inhibitory effect. These properties of ketogenic diets are recapitulated by the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), which reduces the proliferation of colonic crypt cells and potently suppresses intestinal tumour growth. We find that BHB acts through the surface receptor Hcar2 and induces the transcriptional regulator Hopx, thereby altering gene expression and inhibiting cell proliferation. Cancer organoid assays and single-cell RNA sequencing of biopsies from patients with CRC provide evidence that elevated BHB levels and active HOPX are associated with reduced intestinal epithelial proliferation in humans. This study thus identifies a BHB-triggered pathway regulating intestinal tumorigenesis and indicates that oral or systemic interventions with a single metabolite may complement current prevention and treatment strategies for CRC.

PubMed ID: 35477756 Exiting the NIEHS site

MeSH Terms: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid/metabolism; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid/pharmacology; Animals; Cell Proliferation; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Colorectal Neoplasms*/drug therapy; Colorectal Neoplasms*/genetics; Colorectal Neoplasms*/prevention & control; Humans; Signal Transduction*

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