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Your Environment. Your Health.

Climate Change and Human Health Literature Portal Detection and modelling of case clusters for urban leptospirosis

Climate Change and Human Health Literature Portal

Author(s):
Tassinari WS, Pellegrini DCP, Sá CBP, Reis RB, Ko AI, Carvalho MS
Year:
2008
Journal:
Tropical Medicine & International Health. 13 (4): 503-512
Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the epidemiological profile of 488 cases of leptospirosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil between 1997 and 2002, using a variety of methods of spatial epidemiology, to establish alert guidelines in general hospitals, which might be a tool to improve diagnosis and treatment of leptospirosis to reduce lethality rates. METHODS: Scan statistics identified six space-time clusters, which comprised a range of 2 to 28 cases per cluster. Generalized linear mixed models were used to evaluate risk factors for a cluster case which incorporated individual characteristics and spatial information on environmental and climactic factors in a single model frame. RESULTS: Cluster case events were associated with heavy rainfall (OR 3.71; 95% CI 1.83-7.51). The model did not identify socioeconomic or environmental covariates that significantly influence the risk of developing a cluster rather than non-cluster case. CONCLUSION: Clustering of leptospirosis in this urban setting appears to be due to transmission during heavy rainfall.

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Resource Description

Exposure What is this?

weather or climate related pathway by which climate change affects health

    Extreme Weather-Related Event or Disaster, Water Quality
    • Extreme Weather-Related Event or Disaster, Water Quality: Flood
    • Extreme Weather-Related Event or Disaster, Water Quality: Marine/Freshwater Pathogen
Geographic Feature What is this?

resource focuses on specific type of geography

    Urban
Geographic Location What is this?

resource focuses on specific location

    Non-United States
    • Non-United States: Central/South America
Health Impact What is this?

specification of health effect or disease related to climate change exposure

    Infectious Disease
    • Infectious Disease: Waterborne Disease
      • Waterborne Disease: Leptospirosis
      Waterborne Disease
Resource Type What is this?

format or standard characteristic of resource

    Research Article
Special Topic What is this?

related topics that intersect with those captured in other filters

    Adaptation, Communication, Health Sector Influence, Sociodemographic Vulnerability, Vulnerable Population
    • Adaptation, Communication, Health Sector Influence, Sociodemographic Vulnerability, Vulnerable Population: Adaptation Co-Benefit/Co-Harm, Vulnerability Assessment
    • Adaptation, Communication, Health Sector Influence, Sociodemographic Vulnerability, Vulnerable Population: Health Professional
    • Adaptation, Communication, Health Sector Influence, Sociodemographic Vulnerability, Vulnerable Population: Low Socioeconomic Status, Workers
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