Title: Vaccination boosts protective responses and counters SARS-CoV-2-induced pathogenic memory B cells.

Authors: Mishra, Pankaj Kumar; Bruiners, Natalie; Ukey, Rahul; Datta, Pratik; Onyuka, Alberta; Handler, Deborah; Hussain, Sabiha; Honnen, William; Singh, Sukhwinder; Guerrini, Valentina; Yin, Yue; Dewald, Hannah; Choudhary, Alok; Horton, Daniel B; Barrett, Emily S; Roy, Jason; Weiss, Stanley H; Fitzgerald-Bocarsly, Patricia; Blaser, Martin J; Carson, Jeffrey L; Panettieri Jr, Reynold A; Lardizabal, Alfred; Chang, Theresa Li-Yun; Pinter, Abraham; Gennaro, Maria Laura

Published In medRxiv, (2021 May 12)

Abstract: Much is to be learned about the interface between immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. We monitored immune responses specific to SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding-Domain (RBD) in convalescent individuals for eight months after infection diagnosis and following vaccination. Over time, neutralizing antibody responses, which are predominantly RBD specific, generally decreased, while RBD-specific memory B cells persisted. RBD-specific antibody and B cell responses to vaccination were more vigorous than those elicited by infection in the same subjects or by vaccination in infection-naïve comparators. Notably, the frequencies of double negative B memory cells, which are dysfunctional and potentially pathogenic, increased in the convalescent subjects over time. Unexpectedly, this effect was reversed by vaccination. Our work identifies a novel aspect of immune dysfunction in mild/moderate COVID-19, supports the practice of offering SARS-CoV-2 vaccination regardless of infection history, and provides a potential mechanistic explanation for the vaccination-induced reduction of "Long-COVID" symptoms.

PubMed ID: 33880486

MeSH Terms: No MeSH terms associated with this publication