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Title: Traffic-related air pollution, biomarkers of metabolic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and CC16 in children.

Authors: Zhang, Amy L; Balmes, John R; Lutzker, Liza; Mann, Jennifer K; Margolis, Helene G; Tyner, Tim; Holland, Nina; Noth, Elizabeth M; Lurmann, Fred; Hammond, S Katharine; Holm, Stephanie M

Published In J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol, (2022 Jul)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous research has revealed links between air pollution exposure and metabolic syndrome in adults; however, these associations are less explored in children. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the association between traffic-related air pollutants (TRAP) and biomarkers of metabolic dysregulation, oxidative stress, and lung epithelial damage in children. METHODS: We conducted cross-sectional analyses in a sample of predominantly Latinx, low-income children (n = 218) to examine associations between air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), elemental carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide (CO), fine particulates (PM2.5)) and biomarkers of metabolic function (high-density lipoprotein (HDL), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), oxidative stress (8-isoprostane), and lung epithelial damage (club cell protein 16 (CC16)). RESULTS: HDL cholesterol showed an inverse association with NO2 and NOx, with the strongest relationship between HDL and 3-month exposure to NO2 (-15.4 mg/dL per IQR increase in 3-month NO2, 95% CI = -27.4, -3.4). 8-isoprostane showed a consistent pattern of increasing values with 1-day and 1-week exposure across all pollutants. Non-significant increases in % HbA1c were found during 1-month time frames and decreasing CC16 in 3-month exposure time frames. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that TRAP is significantly associated with decreased HDL cholesterol in longer-term time frames and elevated 8-isoprostane in shorter-term time frames. TRAP could have the potential to influence lifelong metabolic patterns, through metabolic effects in childhood.

PubMed ID: 34417545 Exiting the NIEHS site

MeSH Terms: Air Pollutants*/adverse effects; Air Pollutants*/analysis; Air Pollution*/adverse effects; Air Pollution*/analysis; Biomarkers/analysis; Child; Cholesterol, HDL/analysis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects; Environmental Exposure/analysis; Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis; Humans; Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis; Oxidative Stress; Particulate Matter/adverse effects; Particulate Matter/analysis; Uteroglobin/analysis; Vehicle Emissions/analysis

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