Title: Local SARS-CoV-2 Peptide-Specific Immune Responses in Lungs of Convalescent and Uninfected Human Subjects.

Authors: Goliwas, Kayla F; Wood, Anthony M; Simmons, Christopher S; Khan, Rabisa; Khan, Saad A; Wang, Yong; Berry, Joel L; Athar, Mohammad; Mobley, James A; Kim, Young-Il; Thannickal, Victor J; Harrod, Kevin S; Donahue, James M; Deshane, Jessy S

Published In medRxiv, (2022 Jan 21)

Abstract: Multi-specific and long-lasting T cell immunity have been recognized as indicators for long term protection against pathogens including the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Functional significance of peripheral memory T cells in individuals recovering from COVID-19 (COVID-19 + ) are beginning to be appreciated; but little is known about lung resident memory T cells (lung TRM) in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we utilize a perfused three dimensional (3D) human lung tissue model and identify pre-existing local T cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 proteins in lung tissues. We report ex vivo maintenance of functional multi-specific IFN-γ secreting lung TRM in COVID-19 + and their induction in lung tissues of vaccinated COVID-19 + . Importantly, we identify SARS-CoV-2 peptide-responding B cells and IgA + plasma cells in lung tissues of COVID-19 + in ex vivo 3D-tissue models. Our study highlights the importance of balanced and local anti-viral immune response in the lung with persistent induction of TRM and IgA + plasma cells for future protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further, our data suggest that inclusion of multiple viral antigens in vaccine approaches may broaden the functional profile of memory T cells to combat the severity of coronavirus infection.

PubMed ID: 34518842

MeSH Terms: No MeSH terms associated with this publication