Superfund Research Program
Effects-Related Biomarkers of Environmental Neurotoxic Exposures
Center Director: Evan P. Gallagher
Grant Number: P42ES004696
Funding Period: 1987-2023
Program Links
Title: Transcriptional impact of organophosphate pesticides chlorpyrifos and malathion and their mixture on the juvenile coho salmon olfactory system.
Accession Number: GSE47984
Link to Dataset: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE47984
Repository: Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)
Data Type(s): Gene Expression
Experiment Type(s): Expression profiling by array
Organism(s): Oncorhynchus mykiss
Summary: Exposure to environmental concentrations of organophosphate pesticides in Pacific salmon can cause neurobehavioral injuries leading to loss of survival. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying olfactory impairment remain poorly understood. In the current study, we exposed juvenile salmon to three environmentally-relevant doses of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and malathion (MAL) individually and to three concentrations of binary mixtures of both compounds. Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was significantly reduced only in the highest dosage of binary mixture group (47% inhibition). Microarray analysis on RNA from coho olfactory rosettes revealed a number of differentially expressed genes in all exposure groups. Overall, there were little overlapping of affected canonical pathways between CPF groups and MAL groups, suggesting the different biofunctions targeted by these two OP pesticides. Several metabolic and signaling pathways also represented the significant toxicological impact of OP pesticides on olfactory system, such as Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling, Xenobiotic Metabolism Signaling, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Pro-Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress.
Publication(s) associated with this dataset:- Wang L, Espinoza HM, MacDonald JW, Bammler TK, Williams CR, Yeh A, Louie KW, Marcinek DJ, Gallagher EP. 2016. Olfactory transcriptional analysis of salmon exposed to mixtures of chlorpyrifos and malathion reveal novel molecular pathways of neurobehavioral injury. Toxicol Sci 149(1):145-157. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfv223 PMID:26494550 PMCID:PMC4731405