Superfund Research Program

Jerald L. Schnoor

University of Iowa
Civil-Environmental Engineer
4112 Seamans Center
Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1527
Phone: 319-335-5649
Email: jerald-schnoor@uiowa.edu

Projects

• University of Iowa: Mitigating Airborne PCB Emissions from Sediments with Black Carbon Materials and PCB-Degrading Biofilms (2020-2025)
• University of Iowa: Phytoremediation to Degrade Airborne PCB Congeners from Soil and Groundwater Sources (2006-2020)

Research Briefs

• 244 - Switchgrass and Bacteria Work Together to Remove PCBs from Soil
• 197 - Poplars are Choosy about PCBs
• 182 - Can Phytoremediation Work for PCBs?

Hazardous Waste Sites

Altavista Wastewater Pond, Town of Altavista

• University of Iowa: Phytoremediation to Degrade Airborne PCB Congeners from Soil and Groundwater Sources

Publications

2023

• Bako CM, Martinez A, Marek RF, Hornbuckle KC, Schnoor JL, Mattes TE. 2023. Lab-scale biodegradation assay using passive samplers to determine microorganisms' ability to reduce polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) volatilization from contaminated sediment. MethodsX 10:102039. doi:10.1016/j.mex.2023.102039 PMID:36798837 PMCID:PMC9926300

2022

• Bako CM, Martinez A, Ewald JM, Hua J, Ramotowski DJ, Dong Q, Schnoor JL, Mattes TE. 2022. Aerobic bioaugmentation to decrease polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) emissions from contaminated sediments to air. Environ Sci Technol 56(20):14338-14349. doi:10.1021/acs.est.2c01043 PMID:36178372 PMCID:PMC9583607
• Ewald JM, Schnoor JL, Mattes TE. 2022. Combined read- and assembly-based metagenomics to reconstruct a Dehalococcoides mccartyi genome from PCB-contaminated sediments and evaluate functional differences among organohalide-respiring consortia in the presence of different halogenated contaminants. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 98(7):doi:10.1093/femsec/fiac067 PMID:35665806
• Ewald JM, Schnoor JL, Mattes TE. 2022. Metagenomes, metagenome-assembled genomes, and metatranscriptomes from polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated sediment microcosms. Microbiol Resour Ann 4:doi:10.1128/mra.01126-21 PMID:35766865

2021

• Bako CM, Mattes TE, Marek RF, Hornbuckle KC, Schnoor JL. 2021. Biodegradation of PCB congeners by Paraburkholderia xenovorans LB400 in presence and absence of sediment during lab bioreactor experiments. Environ Pollut 271:116364. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116364 PMID:33412450 PMCID:PMC818316
• Bako CM, Mattes TE, Marek RF, Hornbuckle KC, Schnoor JL. 2021. Dataset describing biodegradation of individual polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs) by Paraburkholderia xenovorans LB400 in presence and absence of sediment slurry. Data Brief 35:106821. doi:10.1016/j.dib.2021.106821 PMID:33604434 PMCID:PMC7873373
• Chen W, Hou X, Liu Y, Hu X, Liu J, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. 2021. Medium- and short-chain chlorinated paraffins in mature maize plants and corresponding agricultural soils. Environ Sci Technol 55:4669-4678. doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c05111 PMID:33754697
• Hou X, Wei L, Tang Y, Kong W, Liu J, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. 2021. Two typical glycosylated metabolites of Tetrabromobisphenol A formed in plants: Excretion and deglycosylation in plant root zones. Environ Sci Technol Lett 8(4):313-319. doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.1c00084 PMID:34805424 PMCID:PMC8603600
• Li Y, Bako CM, Saktrakulkla P, Lehmler H, Hornbuckle KC, Schnoor JL. 2021. Interconversion between methoxylated, hydroxylated and sulfated metabolites of PCB 3 in whole poplar plants. Sci Total Environ 785:147341. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147341 PMID:33933776 PMCID:PMC8610232
• Mattes TE, Ewald JM, Liang Y, Martinez A, Awad AM, Hornbuckle KC, Schnoor JL. 2021. Microbial communities in polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated wastewater lagoon sediments: PCB congener, quantitative PCR, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing datasets. Data Brief 39:107546. doi:10.1016/j.dib.2021.107546 PMID:34820490 PMCID:PMC8601980
• Zhang Q, Kong W, Wei L, Hou X, Ma Q, Liu Y, Luo Y, Liao C, Liu J, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. 2021. Compartmentalization and excretion of 2,4,6-tribromophenol sulfation and glycosylation conjugates in rice plants. Environ Sci Technol 55:2980-2990. doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c07184 PMID:33544574

2020

• Chen W, Yu M, Zhang Q, Hou X, Kong W, Wei L, Mao X, Liu J, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. 2020. Metabolism of SCCPs and MCCPs in suspension rice cells based on paired mass distance (PMD) analysis. Environ Sci Technol 54:9990-9999. doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c01830 PMID:32600037
• Li Y, Chen W, Kong W, Liu J, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. 2020. Transformation of 1,1,1,3,8,10,10,10-octachlorodecane in air phase increased by phytogenic volatile organic compounds of pumpkin seedlings. Sci Total Environ 74:doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135455 PMID:31791777 PMCID:PMC7029796
• Wu X, Zhai G, Schnoor JL, Lehmler H. 2020. Atropselective disposition of 2,2 ,3,4 ,6-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 91) and identification of its metabolites in mice with liver-specific deletion of Cytochrome P450 Reductase. Chem Res Toxicol 33:1328-1338. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00255 PMID:31403789 PMCID:PMC7042073
• Zhang Q, Kong W, Wei L, Wang Y, Luo Y, Wang P, Liu J, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. 2020. Uptake, phytovolatilization, and interconversion of 2,4-dibromophenol and 2,4-dibromoanisole in rice plants. Environ Int 142:105888. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105888 PMID:32593840 PMCID:PMC7670850

2019

• Ewald JM, Humes SV, Martinez A, Schnoor JL, Mattes TE. 2019. Growth of dehalococcoides spp. and increased abundance of reductive dehalogenase genes in anaerobic PCB-contaminated sediment microcosms. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int doi:10.1007/s11356-019-05571-7 PMID:31209752 PMCID:PMC6918016
• Hou X, Kong W, Wang X, Liu Y, Chen W, Liu J, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. 2019. Abiotic methylation of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) with the occurrence of methyl iodide in aqueous environments. Environ Sci Technol Lett 6:558-564. doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00445
• Hou X, Yu M, Liu A, Wang X, Li Y, Liu J, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. 2019. Glycosylation of tetrabromobisphenol A in pumpkin. Environ Sci Technol 53:8805-8812. doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b02122 PMID:31283198
• Li Y, Chiou CT, Li H, Schnoor JL. 2019. Improved prediction of the bioconcentration factors of organic contaminants from soils into plant/crop roots by related physicochemical parameters. Environ Int 126:46-53. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.020 PMID:30776749
• Li Y, Hou X, Chen W, Liu J, Zhou Q, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. 2019. Carbon chain decomposition of short chain chlorinated paraffins mediated by pumpkin and soybean seedlings. Environ Sci Technol 53(12):6765-6772. doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b01215 PMID:31099560
• Zhang Q, Liu Y, Lin Y, Kong W, Zhao X, Ruan T, Liu J, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. 2019. Multiple metabolic pathways of 2,4,6-tribromophenol in rice plants. Environ Sci Technol 53:7473-7482. doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b01514 PMID:31244074

2018

• Hou X, Yu M, Liu A, Li Y, Ruan T, Liu J, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. 2018. Biotransformation of tetrabromobisphenol A dimethyl ether back to tetrabromobisphenol A in whole pumpkin plants. Environ Pollut 241:331-338. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.075 PMID:29843015 PMCID:PMC6351071
• Mattes TE, Ewald JM, Liang Y, Martinez A, Awad AM, Richards P, Hornbuckle KC, Schnoor JL. 2018. PCB dechlorination hotspots and reductive dehalogenase genes in sediments from a contaminated wastewater lagoon. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 25(17):16376-16388. doi:10.1007/s11356-017-9872-x PMID:28803405 PMCID:PMC6206866
• Xiao X, Chen B, Chen Z, Zhu L, Schnoor JL. 2018. Insight into Multiple and Multilevel Structures of Biochars and Their Potential Environmental Applications: A Critical Review. Environ Sci Technol 52(9):5027-5047. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b06487 PMID:29634904 PMCID:PMC6402350

2017

• Li Y, Hou X, Yu M, Zhou Q, Liu J, Schnoor JL, Jiang G. 2017. Dechlorination and chlorine rearrangement of 1,2,5,5,6,9,10-heptachlorodecane mediated by the whole pumpkin seedlings. Environ Pollut 224:524-531. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.02.035 PMID:28242253
• Schnoor JL, Van Aken B, Subramanian S. 2017. Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Their Hydroxylated Metabolites (OH-PCBs) on Arabidopsis thaliana. Environ Sci Technol 51(12):7263-7270. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b01538 PMID:28541669 PMCID:PMC5772893

2016

• Ma C, Zhai G, Wu H, Kania-Korwel I, Lehmler H, Schnoor JL. 2016. Identification of a novel hydroxylated metabolite of 2,2',3,5',6-pentachlorobiphenyl formed in whole poplar plants. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 23(3):2089-2098. doi:10.1007/s11356-015-5939-8 PMID:26676542 PMCID:PMC4718877
• Schnoor JL. 2016. Recognizing drinking water pipes as community health hazards. J Chem Educ 93(4):581-582. doi:10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00218
• Xin X, Senthilkumar PK, Schnoor JL, Ludewig G. 2016. Effects of PCB126 and PCB153 on telomerase activity and telomere length in undifferentiated and differentiated HL-60 cells. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 23(3):2173-2185. doi:10.1007/s11356-015-5187-y PMID:26330309 PMCID:PMC4718801

2015

• Liang Y, Meggo RE, Hu D, Schnoor JL, Mattes TE. 2015. Microbial community analysis of switchgrass planted and unplanted soil microcosms displaying PCB dechlorination. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99(15):6515-6526. doi:10.1007/s00253-015-6545-x PMID:25820643 PMCID:PMC4498989
• Zhai G, Gutowski SM, Walters KS, Yan B, Schnoor JL. 2015. Charge, size, and cellular selectivity for multiwall carbon nanotubes by maize and soybean. Environ Sci Technol 49(12):7380-7390. doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b01145 PMID:26010305

2014

• Liang Y, Meggo RE, Hu D, Schnoor JL, Mattes TE. 2014. Enhanced polychlorinated biphenyl removal in a switchgrass rhizosphere by bioaugmentation with Burkholderia xenovorans LB400. Ecol Eng 71:215-222. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.07.046 PMID:25246731 PMCID:PMC4167840
• Zhai G, Lehmler H, Schnoor JL, Gutowski SM. 2014. Enantioselective transport and biotransformation of chiral hydroxylated metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls in whole poplar plants. Environ Sci Technol 48(20):12213-12220. doi:10.1021/es503443e PMID:25238141 PMCID:PMC4207536
• Zhai G, Walters KS, Peate DW, Alvarez PJ, Schnoor JL. 2014. Transport of gold nanoparticles through plasmodesmata and precipitation of gold ions in woody poplar. Environ Sci Technol Lett 1(2):146-151. doi:10.1021/ez400202b PMID:25386566 PMCID:PMC4224293

2013

• Henry HF, Burken JG, Maier RM, Newman LA, Rock S, Schnoor JL, Suk WA. 2013. Phytotechnologies--preventing exposures, improving public health. Int J Phytoremediation 15(9):889-899. doi:10.1080/15226514.2012.760521 PMID:23819283 PMCID:PMC3954606
• Meggo RE, Schnoor JL. 2013. Cleaning polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contaminated garden soil by phytoremediation. Environ Sci (Ruse) 1:33-52. PMID:24409084 PMCID:PMC3883314
• Meggo RE, Schnoor JL. 2013. Rhizosphere redox cycling and implications for rhizosphere biotransformation of selected polychlorinated biphenyl congeners. Ecol Eng 57:285-292. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.04.052 PMID:24860241 PMCID:PMC4028954
• Meggo RE, Schnoor JL, Hu D. 2013. Dechlorination of PCBs in the rhizosphere of switchgrass and poplar. Environ Pollut 178:312-321. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.02.035 PMID:23603468 PMCID:PMC4294558
• Zhai G, Lehmler H, Schnoor JL. 2013. Inhibition of cytochromes p450 and the hydroxylation of 4-monochlorobiphenyl in whole poplar. Environ Sci Technol 47(13):6829-6835. doi:10.1021/es304298m PMID:23320482 PMCID:PMC3652898
• Zhai G, Lehmler H, Schnoor JL. 2013. Sulfate Metabolites of 4-monochlorobiphenyl in whole poplar plants. Environ Sci Technol 47:557-562. doi:10.1021/es303807f PMID:23215248 PMCID:PMC3565590
• Zhai G, Wu X, Lehmler H, Schnoor JL. 2013. Atropisomeric determination of chiral hydroxylated metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls using HPLC-MS. Chem Cent J 7(1):183. doi:10.1186/1752-153X-7-183 PMID:24360245 PMCID:PMC3879188

2012

• Tehrani R, Lyv MM, Kaveh R, Schnoor JL, Van Aken B. 2012. Biodegradation of mono-hydroxylated PCBs by Burkholderia xenovorans. Biotechnol J 34:2247-2252. doi:10.1007/s10529-012-1037-x PMID:22918793 PMCID:PMC3592572
• Xin X, Kuppusamy SP, Schnoor JL, Ludewig G. 2012. Downregulation of Telomerase Activity and Shortening of Telomere Length by Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in HL-60 Cells. Environ Mol Mutagen 53:S66.

2011

• Zhai G, Lehmler H, Schnoor JL. 2011. New hydroxylated metabolites of 4-monochlorobiphenyl in whole poplar plants. Chem Cent J 5:87. doi:10.1186/1752-153X-5-87 PMID:22185578 PMCID:PMC3260099
• Zhai G, Lehmler H, Schnoor JL, Hu D. 2011. Enantioselective biotransformation of chiral PCBs in whole poplar plants. Environ Sci Technol 45(6):2308-2316. doi:10.1021/es1033662 PMID:21329345 PMCID:PMC3066656

2010

• Correa PA, Lin L, Just CL, Hu D, Hornbuckle KC, Schnoor JL, Van Aken B. 2010. The effects of individual PCB congeners on the soil bacterial community structure and the abundance of biphenyl dioxygenase genes. Environ Int 36(8):901-906. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2009.07.015 PMID:19716603 PMCID:PMC2928393
• Van Aken B, Schnoor JL, Correa PA. 2010. Phytoremediation of polychlorinated biphenyls: new trends and promises. Environ Sci Technol 44(8):2767-2776. doi:10.1021/es902514d PMID:20384372 PMCID:PMC3025541
• Zhai G, Lehmler H, Schnoor JL. 2010. Hydroxylated metabolites of 4-monochlorobiphenyl and its metabolic pathway in whole poplar plants. Environ Sci Technol 44(10):3901-3907. doi:10.1021/es100230m PMID:20402517 PMCID:PMC2891041
• Zhai G, Lehmler H, Schnoor JL. 2010. Identification of hydroxylated metabolites of 3,3 ',4,4 '-tetrachlorobiphenyl and metabolic pathway in whole poplar plants. Chemosphere 81:523-528. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.07.036 PMID:20708213 PMCID:PMC2943055

2009

• Liu J, Hu D, Jiang G, Schnoor JL. 2009. In vivo biotransformation of 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl by whole plants-poplars and switchgrass. Environ Sci Technol 43(19):7503-7509. PMID:19848168 PMCID:PMC2754666

2008

• Liu J, Schnoor JL. 2008. Uptake and translocation of lesser-chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in whole hybrid poplar plants after hydroponic exposure. Chemosphere 73(10):1608-1616. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.009 PMID:18793792 PMCID:PMC2668963