Superfund Research Program
- 335 - PFAS Exposure Associated with Elevated Cholesterol in North Carolina Community -- Hoppin
Release Date: 11/02/2022NIEHS Superfund Research Program (SRP)-funded researchers found that elevated levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the blood of participants of the GenX Exposure Study were associated with higher cholesterol. Led by Jane Hoppin, ScD., of the North Carolina State University SRP Center, the study started in 2017 in response to the concerns of residents of Wilmington, North Carolina, about PFAS in their drinking water.
- 331 - Emerging PFAS Can Cause Changes in Gene Expression and Lipid Accumulation in Human Liver Cells -- Slitt
Release Date: 07/06/2022New types of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can induce significant increases in gene expression and lipid accumulation in human liver cells at lower concentrations compared to PFAS no longer in use, according to researchers funded by the NIEHS Superfund Research Program (SRP).
- 329 - Protein Provides Insight into Respiratory Toxicity of Cadmium -- Antony
Release Date: 05/04/2022A protein called fibrinogen can be an indicator of cadmium exposure in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to a study led by Veena Antony, M.D., director of the NIEHS Superfund Research Program (SRP) Center at the University of Alabama, Birmingham. COPD stems from thickening of airways in the lungs, resulting in shortness of breath and persistent coughing.
- 289 - Study Sheds Light on Respiratory Toxicity of EPFRs -- Dugas, Cormier
Release Date: 01/30/2019A new SRP study explains how particulate matter (PM) containing environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). AhR is known to play an important role in detecting and responding to a variety of pollutants. These findings could prove useful in understanding the underlying mechanism of diseases known to be associated with inhalation of PM, such as cardiovascular disease.
- 273 - Susceptibility to Arsenic-Induced Skin Lesions Influenced by DNA Differences -- Ahsan
Release Date: 09/06/2017New research shows that deletions or duplications of long stretches of DNA, also known as copy number variations (CNVs), that occur in several gene locations are associated with a higher risk of developing arsenic-induced skin lesions. Skin lesions are a hallmark of arsenic toxicity that appear relatively early with chronic arsenic exposure. This newly discovered link may help to explain why some people exposed to arsenic develop skin lesions and get sick while others exposed to the same levels do not.
- 268 - Prenatal Arsenic Exposure Alters Newborn Metabolite Profiles -- Fry
Release Date: 04/05/2017Researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Superfund Research Program (UNC SRP) Center have identified metabolites in umbilical cord blood that are associated with exposure to arsenic in the womb. The findings also show that differences in a mother's metabolism of arsenic may influence the metabolite profile of her baby. Assessing changes in the newborn's metabolite profile by looking at the full range of metabolites, or metabolome, may provide insight into how prenatal arsenic exposure could affect important pathways responsible for maintaining normal cell processes in the body.
- 254 - Low-Dose Organic Arsenic Exposure Negatively Affects the Immune System in the Lung -- Stanton
Release Date: 02/03/2016Arsenic exposure may alter immune response to a common pathogen in the lung, according to a recent study from the Dartmouth College Superfund Research Program (SRP) Center. This study provides insight into how arsenic exposure may increase the risk of respiratory infection and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which is associated with chronic bacterial infections and other non-malignant lung infections. The study also helps discern the contribution of organic forms of arsenic alone to the alteration of the innate immune response in the lung.
- 247 - PCE in Drinking Water Linked to Cancer and Epilepsy -- Aschengrau
Release Date: 07/01/2015Early-life exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE; perchloroethylene) in drinking water may increase the risk of epilepsy and certain types of cancer into adulthood, according to Boston University Superfund Research Program (BU SRP) Center researchers. PCE is a solvent frequently used in dry cleaning solutions, adhesives, metal degreasers, and other commercial products.
- 237 - The Flame Retardant Firemaster 550, Fat Cells, and Bone Health -- Schlezinger
Release Date: 09/03/2014Researchers from the Boston University (BU) and Duke University Superfund Research Program (SRP) Centers found that components of the flame-retardant mixture Firemaster® 550 (FM550) may stimulate growth of fat cells and reduce bone health. The results of the collaborative study suggest that triphenyl phosphate (TPP), a component of FM550 that is widespread in household products and house dust, interacts with a protein that regulates fat cell differentiation and lipid storage.
- 235 - Reducing the Risk of PCB-associated Type 2 Diabetes with Fruit and Vegetable Consumption -- Gaetke
Release Date: 07/02/2014Adults with high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in their bodies, which may increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, can reduce that risk by eating more fruits and vegetables, according to researchers from the University of Kentucky Superfund Research Program (UK SRP).
- 233 - Investigating the Newborn Proteome: Prenatal Arsenic Exposure and Altered Protein Expression -- Fry
Release Date: 05/07/2014Scientists have identified changes in biological pathways that are associated with prenatal arsenic exposure. This research, led by Rebecca Fry, Ph.D., at the University of North Carolina Superfund Research Program (UNC SRP), is the largest protein-based study of an arsenic pregnancy cohort to date. The NIEHS-funded work provides mechanistic insights into the links between early life exposure to arsenic and disease susceptibility and also identifies proteins and pathways that may later be used to identify markers of arsenic exposure and disease risk in humans.
- 228 - Arsenic in Drinking Water and Cancer in Uniquely Exposed Northern Chile -- Steinmaus
Release Date: 12/04/2013For the first time, findings by the University of California (UC) Berkeley Superfund Research Program (SRP) provide strong evidence in humans that ingested arsenic causes cancer in specific kidney and ureter cells, called transitional cells. Other recent findings from the group suggest that people exposed to both arsenic and other known or suspected carcinogens have very high risks of lung or bladder cancer.
- 223 - Nicotine in Peppers and Other Vegetables May Reduce Parkinson Disease Risk -- Checkoway, Searles Nielsen
Release Date: 07/03/2013Eating nicotine-containing vegetables, mainly peppers, may provide a protective effect against Parkinson disease (PD). Based on studies consistently suggesting that smokers are less likely than non-smokers to develop PD, Susan Searles Nielsen, Ph.D., led a study to explore other sources of nicotine that might have effects similar to active smoking, such as vegetables from the same plant family as tobacco.
- 220 - Commonly Manufactured Nanomaterial Induces Neurovascular Toxicity -- Toborek
Release Date: 04/03/2013Nanoalumina, a widely manufactured nanomaterial, was shown to accumulate in brain cells, inducing nerve and blood vessel damage and protein degradation in the brain. Study results also suggest that exposure to nanoalumina disrupts the blood-brain barrier and may worsen the outcomes of neurological disorders such as stroke.
- 215 - Study Links Prenatal Mercury Exposure and Fish Intake to ADHD-Related Behavior -- Korrick
Release Date: 11/07/2012A new study suggests an association between low-level mercury exposure and an increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-related behaviors. Conversely, children whose mothers ate more fish, the main non-occupational source of mercury exposure, during pregnancy had a lower risk of exhibiting ADHD-related behaviors.
- 213 - Widely Used Antibacterial Agents May Lead to Significant Health Concerns -- Hammock, Pessah
Release Date: 09/05/2012Researchers at UC Davis show that triclosan, a chemical widely used in antibacterial products, impairs heart and skeletal muscle activity in animal models. Other studies link another antibacterial agent, triclocarban, to changes in regulatory pathways in mice and in human cells.
- 212 - Early-life PCE Exposure Linked to Visual Impairment in Adults -- Aschengrau
Release Date: 08/01/2012New evidence shows exposure to the chemical PCE during development can lead to visual impairment later in life. Scientists have previously linked the chemical with neurological effects like memory and attention problems.
- 208 - A Flurry of Arsenic Findings -- Ahsan, Jackson, Lu
Release Date: 04/04/2012New evidence about arsenic abounds in SRP studies published recently. The studies reveal that food is an unexpected source of arsenic exposure, demonstrate adverse health effects are from low levels of exposure, show the mechanisms behind some of arsenic's health effects, and suggest a strategy for reducing exposure from well water.
- 199 - Foray Into Tackling the Toxicity of Environmental Pesticide Mixtures -- Halden
Release Date: 07/06/2011Even before they are born, many babies are exposed to the pesticides chlordane and permethrin. New research offers the first demonstration of how these chemicals affect infants' fragile immune systems.
- 190 - Determining Susceptibility to Environmentally-induced Neurotoxicity -- Furlong
Release Date: 10/05/2010Researchers use an innovative approach to track the health effects of organophosphate insecticides. The findings may also have implications for research on Parkinson's disease and studies on the health effects of nerve agents and aircraft engine fumes.
- 178 - Arsenic Just as Risky Ingested as Inhaled -- Smith
Release Date: 10/07/2009 - 174 - Gene-Environment Interactions: PCB Exposures and Adverse Effects on Pregnancy -- Sharma
Release Date: 06/03/2009 - 173 - Are There Links Between Selenium Intake and Bladder Cancer? -- Karagas
Release Date: 05/06/2009 - 172 - New Understandings of Benzene Metabolism and Implications for Risk Assessments -- Smith, Rappaport
Release Date: 04/01/2009 - 169 - First Glimpse of the Human Fetal Proteome Signals Early Effects from in utero Toxic Exposures -- Halden
Release Date: 01/07/2009 - 161 - PCB77 Promotes Obesity-associated Atherosclerosis -- Cassis
Release Date: 05/07/2008 - 158 - A Screening Tool to Identify Developmental Neurotoxicants -- Slotkin
Release Date: 02/06/2008 - 152 - Folic Acid Supplementation Lowers Blood Arsenic by Increasing Arsenic Methylation -- Gamble
Release Date: 08/01/2007 - 148 - Dual Role for Vitamin C in Cr(VI) Toxicity -- Zhitkovich
Release Date: 04/04/2007 - 145 - Arsenic Affects All Five Steroid Receptors -- Hamilton
Release Date: 01/03/2007 - 140 - Bromodichloromethane and Pregnancy Loss -- Lasley, Chen
Release Date: 08/02/2006 - 137 - Impacts of in utero and Early Childhood Exposure to Arsenic in Drinking Water -- Smith
Release Date: 05/03/2006 - 135 - The Human Genetics of Arsenic Biotransformation -- Klimecki, Aposhian
Release Date: 03/01/2006 - 130 - Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress in Astroglia -- Ramos, Tiffany-Castiglioni
Release Date: 10/05/2005 - 129 - Manganese Exposure via Drinking Water and Children's Intellectual Function -- Graziano
Release Date: 09/07/2005 - 126 - Clues to the Genotoxicity of Arsenic -- Hei
Release Date: 06/01/2005 - 125 - Epidemiologic Research on Environmental Pollution and the Risk of Disease -- Aschengrau
Release Date: 05/04/2005 - 121 - Impacts of Low-Level Benzene Exposure -- Smith, Rappaport
Release Date: 01/05/2005 - 120 - Arsenic Exposure via Drinking Water and Children's Intellectual Function -- Graziano
Release Date: 12/01/2004 - 118 - Evidence of a Molecular Link Between Inflammation and Cancer -- Karin
Release Date: 10/06/2004 - 115 - Low Levels of Arsenite May Serve as a Treatment for Melanoma -- Hei
Release Date: 07/08/2004 - 111 - Nutrition Can Modulate PCB Toxicity -- Hennig
Release Date: 03/03/2004 - 104 - Arsenic Exposure and Human Health -- Christiani
Release Date: 08/07/2003 - 101 - Investigations of DNA Damage by Heavy Metals and PAHs -- Tang
Release Date: 05/07/2003 - 99 - The Role of Gene/Environment Interactions in the Etiology of Parkinson's Disease -- Checkoway
Release Date: 03/05/2003 - 97 - The Harvard-Mexico Project on Maternal-Fetal Lead Exposure, Risks, and Prevention -- Hu
Release Date: 01/02/2003 - 95 - Multidisciplinary Studies of the Origins of Childhood Leukemia -- Smith, Buffler
Release Date: 11/06/2002 - 94 - Anthrax invades and evades the immune system to cause widespread infection -- Karin
Release Date: 10/02/2002 - 88 - Investigating Tools to Improve Risk Assessment for PCB-Induced Immune Dysfunction -- Ganey
Release Date: 04/03/2002 - 76 - Low Dose Arsenic Exposures Related to Skin Cancer -- Karagas
Release Date: 04/04/2001 - 71 - A Partnership Study of the Effects of PCBs on Akwesasne Mohawk Youth -- Schell
Release Date: 11/01/2000 - 62 - Understanding the Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on the Uterus -- Loch-Caruso
Release Date: 01/05/2000 - 59 - New Mapping Method is Developed for Analysis of Environmental Epidemiological Data -- Ozonoff
Release Date: 11/17/1999 - 57 - Development of Biomarkers for Male Reproductive Toxicity and Their Implications for Male-Mediated Developmental Toxicity -- Wyrobek, Eskenazi
Release Date: 10/20/1999 - 54 - Investigating the Human Health Effects of Vanadium -- Recent Studies Show Significant Acute Respiratory Effects in Occupationally-Exposed Workers, Even at Permissible Exposure Limits -- Christiani
Release Date: 09/08/1999 - 38 - Genetic Susceptibility to Lead Toxicity -- Kelsey
Release Date: 01/27/1999 - 35 - Organochlorine Exposure and Breast Cancer Risk -- Grandjean
Release Date: 12/09/1998 - 34 - Advanced Analytical Technique Developed for Detecting Metals in Biological and Environmental Samples -- Aposhian
Release Date: 11/25/1998 - 28 - The Alteration of Estrogen Metabolism By Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- Spink
Release Date: 09/02/1998 - 17 - In Utero PCB Exposures and Infant Development -- Korrick
Release Date: 04/01/1998 - 15 - Urinary FSH Assay Developed to Assess Reproductive Health of Both Men and Women -- Lasley
Release Date: 03/04/1998 - 12 - Mutational Fingerprinting to Find Causes of Mutations in Humans -- Thilly
Release Date: 01/21/1998 - 10 - Structural Requirements for PCB-Induced Estrogenic Activity -- Gierthy
Release Date: 12/10/1997 - 8 - Possible Explanation for Disease Susceptibility to Benzene Exposure -- Smith
Release Date: 11/11/1997 - 7 - New Methods of Spatial Analysis Are Developed for Environmental Epidemiological Data Using a Geographic Information System -- Ozonoff
Release Date: 10/29/1997 - 6 - Studies Investigate the Effects of TCDD and Benzo(a)pyrene on Placental-Uterine Function -- Shiverick
Release Date: 10/15/1997 - 5 - Studies Determine Factors That Contribute to Bone Lead Accumulation and Release -- Hu
Release Date: 10/01/1997